- Main Contact
- Support contact
- Editorial team
- Scientific advice
- Editorial Board
- Approach and scope
- Section Policies
- Peer review process
- Publication frequency
- Open access policy
- Rights of the authors
- Guidelines for authors
- Shipment preparation checklist
- Copyright notice
- Privacy statement
- Statement of ethics
- Digital preservation policies
Main Contact
Nora Leticia Bringas Rábago
Director
Academia Mexicana de Investigación Turística
Phone: +52 (664) 631 63 00 ext. 1306
Email: amit.dimentur@gmail.com
Support contact
Teresa López Avedoy
Phone: +52 (664) 631 63 00
Email: amit.dimentur@gmail.com
Diseño, formación y cuidado de la edición
Miguel Ángel Ávila García
Irma Leticia Bermúdez Aceves
Editorial Board
Alfonso González Damián · Universidad de Quintana Roo, México
Rafael Guerrero Rodríguez · Universidad de Guanajuato, México
Maximiliano E. Korstanje · Universidad de Palermo, Argentina
Martha Marivel Mendoza Ontiveros · Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, México
Maribel Osorio García · Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, México
Ana Pricila Sosa Ferreira · Universidad del Caribe, Quintana Roo, México
Mónica Velarde Valdez · Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, México
Basilio Verduzco Chávez · Universidad de Guadalajara, México
Scientific advice
Ernest Cañada Mullor · Centro de Investigación Alba Sud/Universidad de Barcelona, España
Larry Dwyer · Griffith University, Australia
Cayetano Espejo Marín · Universidad de Murcia, Spain
Salvador Gómez Nieves · Universidad de Guadalajara, México
Daniel Hiernaux-Nicolas · Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, México
Raquel Huete Nieves · Universidad de Alicante, Spain
Dimitri Ioannides · European Tourism Research Institute (ETOUR)/Mid-Sweden University, Suecia
Antonina Ivanova Boncheva · Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, México
Alfonso de Jesús Jiménez Martínez · Universidad del Caribe, México
Tomás López Guzmán · Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
Agustín Santana Talavera · Universidad de La Laguna, Canarias, Spain
Regina G. Schlüter · Centro de Investigación y Estudios Turísticos, Argentina
Rocío del Carmen Serrano Barquín · Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Pablo Szmulewicz · Universidad Austral de Chile, Chile
José Fernando Vera Rebollo · Universidad de Alicante, Spain
Editorial Board
Alfonso González Damián · Universidad de Quintana Roo, México
Rafael Guerrero Rodríguez · Universidad de Guanajuato, México
Maximiliano E. Korstanje · Universidad de Palermo, Argentina
Martha Marivel Mendoza Ontiveros · Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, México
Maribel Osorio García · Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, México
Ana Pricila Sosa Ferreira · Universidad del Caribe, Quintana Roo, México
Mónica Velarde Valdez · Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, México
Basilio Verduzco Chávez · Universidad de Guadalajara, México
Approach and scope
Dimensiones Turísticas is a scientific, digital and freely distributed publication that publishes and disseminates original research works that address tourism issues in Mexico and in other international contexts. Dimensiones Turísticas specializes in the study of the different social, cultural, economic, political, environmental and territorial processes linked to tourist activity through analytical, critical and reflective research from an inter and multidisciplinary perspective in order to disseminate the main findings of research both among the academic community, as well as with the government sector, business and society as a whole.
The objective is to become a space that allows exposing new approaches, theories, methodologies, studies, experiences and research findings that make it possible to advance in the construction and dissemination of knowledge about tourism, as well as contribute to the enrichment of current debates on tourism research.
Section Policies
Dimensiones Turísticas publishes unpublished scientific texts that analyze theories, methodologies or social, cultural, economic, administrative, political, environmental and territorial processes related to tourism from an inter- and multidisciplinary perspective. Three types of work will be published: articles, critical notes and bibliographic reviews.
Article: Refers to original works that present the main theoretical, empirical or methodological findings of completed or ongoing investigations that analyze processes related to tourism from different disciplines.
Essay: It is an academic reflection on current issues or research advances.
Book review: It is a short text that refers to or analyzes recent publications in physical or electronic format that address tourism or research issues. The Editorial Committee will be responsible for suggesting the books to review.
Peer review process
Academic papers will be subjected to an anonymous peer review process. Critical notes will be subjected to the same evaluation process as articles. The reviewed publications should not have a publication date greater than two years prior to the year of submission of the proposal.
Due to the anonymous editorial process, the data of authors such as assignment, brief curriculum, email and postal address will appear on a separate sheet. The works will be submitted to the review of a committee of experts to guarantee the scientific quality and must be sent in their final and complete version, since later modifications will not be allowed once the evaluation process has begun.
The process for the armored review of articles is as follows:
Receipt of the manuscript and notification of receipt to the author within a period not exceeding 72 hours. Subsequently, the process that consists of the following phases begins:
- First phase: Sending the proposal to the Editorial Board to carry out a pre-evaluation of the quality of the manuscript, the thematic relevance and compliance with the editorial standards. The manuscript may be accepted or rejected by the Editorial Board, which bases its decision on criteria of academic quality, contribution to the scientific field and the subject matter and regulations. If the manuscript is accepted, it goes to the second phase; otherwise, a rejection notice is sent to the author.
- Second stage: if the pre-opinion is favorable, the anonymous manuscript will be sent to two external evaluators, specializing in the research line, theme or subject of the proposal. In case of contradictory opinions, the manuscript is sent to a third evaluator, also a specialist, whose decision will be decisive for the final opinion.
The opinions may have the following results:
- Positive opinion: indicates a favorable result; the manuscript can be evaluated as:
- Post without changes;
- Publish when minor modifications have been completed;
- Post after a thorough review has been done.
- Not publishable: The manuscript is definitively rejected.
In the event that the final opinion requests changes or modifications, the authors have four weeks to incorporate them and resubmit the manuscript for review. The review is carried out by the Editorial Board. If the changes are properly incorporated, the manuscript is finally accepted; If it is considered that the required modifications have not been made, the authors will be asked to review their proposal and there will be a period of no more than two weeks to incorporate the requested changes. If the changes are incorporated, they will be accepted for publication; if the changes are not incorporated in this second period, the manuscript is rejected.
In order for the proposals to be sent to the Editorial Committee, they must comply with the AMIT Editorial Rules (APA 7). Otherwise, they will be returned to the authors to adjust their proposals to the Guidelines.
Once the work has been accepted for publication, the authors grant the journal Dimensiones Turísticas the rights of the published articles, preserving their moral rights as established by the Copyright law.
Publication frequency
Dimensiones Turísticas es una publicación semestral. La convocatoria para recepción de trabajos se mantiene abierta durante todo el año. Cada número incluye un mínimo de cinco artículos.
Open access policy
Dimensiones Turísticas (e-ISSN 2954-2069), https://dimensionesturisticas.amiturismo.org/, es una publicación de acceso abierto, lo cual significa que todos los contenidos se encuentran disponibles en abierto y sin cargos para ser utilizados por los usuarios. Los usuarios pueden leer, descargar (no se requiere registro), distribuir, imprimir o vincular los textos completos de números y artículos, sin permiso de los editores o autores. Esto es, se aplica la definición de la Iniciativa de Acceso Abierto de Budapest (BOAI, por sus siglas en inglés). No existe tampoco ningún cargo por procesamiento de artículos (APC), siendo de aplicación para todo el proceso editorial. Dimensiones Turísticas es publicada bajo licencia Creative Commons Atribución/Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinDerivados 4.0 Internacional (CCBY-NC-ND 4.0). Todos los trabajos recibidos, originales e inéditos, están sujetos a un proceso de revisión ciega por pares (Double Blind Review).
Rights of the authors
Los/las autores/as serán responsables únicos de las ideas, afirmaciones y opiniones expresadas en su texto, por lo que la revista no asume responsabilidad alguna en este sentido. Los/las autores/as conserva/n sus derechos morales conforme lo establece la Ley de derechos de autor. Dimensiones Turísticas autoriza la reproducción de su material a través de medios magnéticos, electrónicos y de reprografía siempre y cuando no se alteren los contenidos, sea sin fines de lucro y se cite la fuente completa.
The works will be submitted for evaluation by a committee of experts. All proposals will go through an editorial process that will be developed in several phases, so it is necessary that the presentation of the writings follow a series of rules that facilitate editing and avoid the delay of publication.
The writings sent to Dimensiones Turísticas for publication must be original and academic, and must not have been published in other printed or electronic media. Nor should they have been simultaneously submitted to other magazines or editorial bodies. They must strictly adhere to the guidelines for authors.
The texts must be sent in their final and complete version, since subsequent modifications will not be accepted once the evaluation process has begun.
The journal will publish three types of work: articles, critical notes and bibliographic reviews.
All papers will be reviewed to verify that they strictly comply with the guidelines for authors, otherwise, they will be sent to the authors to make the corresponding adjustments. Once it is established that the work meets the requirements stated by the magazine, it will be sent to two reviewers, who will determine anonymously:
a) Positive opinion: indicates a favorable result; the manuscript can be evaluated:
- Post without changes;
- Publish when minor modifications have been made;
- Post after a thorough review has been done.
b) Not publishable: the writing is definitively rejected.
In case of discrepancy between both results, the text will be sent to a third referee, whose opinion will be decisive in deciding whether or not to accept it. The results of the evaluation process will be final in all cases.
The works sent by academics assigned to any institution will be submitted to external referees for consideration.
The opinions will be sent to the authors in due course.
Important to consider
The works sent must be written in a clear, simple and well-structured way, omitting the writing in the first person, either in the singular or plural (I or we).
The paragraphs will adopt the modern paragraph style (no indentation). The works may be written in Spanish or English.
Writings that present an abuse of textual citations for each page will not be accepted; being used preferably only for concepts and definitions.
Requirements for items
All papers must be written in Word 2011 or earlier, on letter-size sheets, on one side, spaced and a half and with margins of three centimeters. Calibri 12 points font.
The minimum length of the article will be 20 pages and the maximum 25, letter size, spaced and a half, including summary, tables, graphs and figures (maps, illustrations, diagrams, photographs) and references.
The title of the work must appear on the first page (written up and down, in bold and in Spanish and English), which must be brief and clearly refer to the content. Next, a summary in Spanish and English (abstract) with a maximum length of 500 characters will be included, highlighting the objective, the relevance of the analysis, the method used, the main results or the most relevant findings. It is the responsibility of the author to provide a correct translation of the abstract.
Likewise, five keywords are required in Spanish and English (keywords) . It is suggested that these words be: one geographical, two disciplinary and two thematic, with their respective translation into English or Spanish that allow the content of the article to be identified. Include the main text and references below.
The text should be organized as follows (the section titles are indicative, the proposals can have another title, but respect the contents):
- Title
- Summary (Spanish and English) and keywords in both languages
- Introduction
- Body of the work: background, methodology, results, discussion and / or findings.
- conclusions
- References
The titles or subtitles must be differentiated from each other, for this the use of the progressive decimal system is recommended, taking care that the numbering of the subtopics or sections is not excessive or greater than two orders (2., 2.1, 2.1.1, 2.1.2).
Acronyms must be clearly defined on their first use in the text. Abbreviations are not accepted, except those referred to in the Style Manual.
All references to previously published material and statistical sources must be identified in the text using the APA 7 author and date citation system, placing the last name of the author (or authors), noting in parentheses the first last name of the author / authors, followed by the year of publication and reference page (s) preceded by the letter p. For example: (Hiernaux, 2010, p.63) or (Hiernaux and Lindón, 2015, pp. 231-235).
Footnotes must be those strictly necessary, numbered successively in Arabic numerals and placed at the bottom of the page. They will be used only to make specific comments or clarifications by the author and not for bibliographic references. They must be presented in 9-point Calibri font, avoiding annexes or appendices.
Tables and graphs should include concise statistical information, in spreadsheet format, preferably in Microsoft Excel. Likewise, they must be placed in editable format in the place proposed in the document, with the title placed at the top of the object, with a 10-point Calibri typology and with their respective reference source placed at the bottom.
The figures must be included in separate files, in jpeg (.jpg) or tiff (.tif) image formats with a resolution of 300 dpi and preferably in color and one file for each object. They should also be placed in editable format in the place proposed in the document, with the title placed at the top of the figure, with the 10-point Calibri typology and with their respective reference source placed at the bottom.
Both the tables, graphs and other figures will be numbered with the Arabic system (table 1, 2, 3, and more). Photographs are considered as figures (figure 1, 2, 3, etc.). The latter must be handled in JPG format at a minimum of 300 dpi and must specify as a caption, the author and the year in which they were taken, with a 10-point Calibri typology and their respective reference source, placed at the bottom.
Each file must be titled first by the type of object, its consecutive number and the page on which it is located (graf1p8.jpg; map1p15.tif; fig1p12.jpg; fig2p16.xls). In the body of the text, each object must be included in the corresponding place, in editable format.
The references will be included at the end of the article ordered alphabetically by author, including exclusively the works cited in the body of the text such as books, book chapters, articles in digital or printed magazines, journalistic notes, Internet files, films, among others.
Requirements for essays
Essays are reflections on current issues or research advances. They must have a minimum extension of eight letter-size pages and a maximum of 10, spaced and a half, in Calibri of 12 points, with margins of three centimeters.
The works will be selected by the Editorial Committee of the journal considering their quality, originality in the analysis, topicality and thematic relevance.
They must meet the same indications regarding the title and the abstract, as well as to cite references.
Requirements for bibliographic reviews
Reviews must refer to relevant books published within the two years prior to the date of publication of the journal and their maximum length must be four letter-size pages, spaced and a half, in 12-point Calibri, with margins of three centimeters. on all sides.
The review must contain the complete reference of the work (APA 7 format), followed by the data of the reviewer and the identification data (name and surname, email and institution).
Rules for citing references
References to consulted sources should be included at the end, in alphabetical order, in APA 7 format (For more complete information, see section 38 of the Guide for Authors and Style Manual).
Articles and printed periodicals
Last name, A. A., Last name, B. B. & Last name, C. C., (Year). Title of the article (in rounds). Title. Name of the journal (in italics), volumevolume(italics)(issue), pp.-pp.
Example:
Bertoncello, R. (2002). Turismo y territorio otras prácticas, otras miradas. Aportes y transferencias, 6(2), 29-50.
Articles and digital or electronic publications
Last name, A. A., Last name, B. B. & Last name, C. C., (Year). Title of the article (in rounds). Title. Name of the journal (in italics), volume(italic), volume(italic)(issue), pp.-pp. http://URL
Example:
Rodríguez Herrera, I. M. y Vargas Vázquez, A. (2018). Aproximación reticular a la producción científica sobre turismo realizada por investigadores mexicanos. Dimensiones Turísticas, 2(2), 9-26. https://dimensionesturisticas.amiturismo.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/2018-DT-V2N2-03_09-26-Rodriguez-Vargas.pdf
Article with doi
Last name, A. A., Last name, B. B. & Last name, C. C., (Year). Title of the article (in rounds). Title. Name of the journal (in italics), volume(italic), volume(italic)(issue), pp.-pp. http://doi: XXX-YYYY
Example:
Valcuende del Río, J. M. (2012). Turismo y poblaciones indígenas: Espacios, tiempos y recursos. Scripta Nova. Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales, XVI(410), 28-55. http://doi.1138-9788
Books
Last name, A. A. (Year). Title (italic). Editorial.
Examples:
Santana, A. (1997). Antropología y Turismo. ¿Nuevas hordas, viejas culturas? Ariel.
Casez, G. (1992a). Fondements pour une géographie du tourisme et des loisirs. Bréal Editions.
Casez, G. (1992b). Tourisme et tiers-monde, un bilan controversé. L’Harmattan (Tome II).
Books with editor, compilator o coordinator
Last name, A. A. (Ed.). (Year). Title (italic). Editorial.
Example:
Vera Rebollo, J. F. (Coord.) (2011). Análisis territorial del turismo y planificación de destinos turísticos. Tirant Lo Blanch.
Electronic or digital version of a book
Last name, A. A. (Year). Title (italic). Editorial. http://URL
Example:
Ascanio, A. (2013). Economía del turismo. Ediciones de la U. http://economia.com
Book chapter
Last name, A. A. & Last name, B. B. (Year). Title of the chapter. In A. A. Last name (Ed.) Title of the book (en cursivas) (p. nn-nn). Editorial.
Examples:
Luka, N. (2011). Del espacio al lugar y al paisaje cultural: segundas residencias a orillas de ríos y lagos en Canadá central. En T. Mazón y A. Mantecón (eds.), Construir una nueva vida. Los espacios del turismo y la migración residencial (pp. 21-46). Milrazones.
Salvat, J., Meritxell S., y Olmos, P. (1998). Evaluación del potencial turístico: las montañas de Prades. En J. Oliveras y A. Salvador (eds.), Turismo y planificación del territorio en la España de fin de siglo (pp. 107-115). Universitat Rovira I Virgili.
Videos, recordings and other digital objects
Last name, A. A. (producer) & Last name, B. B. (director). (year). Title (italic) [description]. Studio/production company/discographic label.
Example:
Marvin, N. (producer) & Darabont, F. (director). (1994). Sueños de fuga [movie]. Columbia Pictures.
Secretaría de Turismo de México (Sectur). (2015). Compendio estadístico del turismo en México 2016 [compact disc].
Videos, podcast and other online sources
Last name, A. A. (year, month and day). Name of the program or event (italic) [type of object]. http://URL
Example:
Hiernaux, D. (2019, 2 de octubre). La entrevista de John Urry en el Congreso Internacional de Investigación AMIT 2019. http://bitly.ws/9Q6R
Web pages
Last name, A. A. (Year). Title of the content (italic). Name of the site. http://URL
Example:
Caada, E. (2020, 8 de julio). Turismos de proximidad, un plural en disputa. Alba Sud. http://www.albasud.org
Simposium and conferences
Last name, A., & Last name, B. (year, month and day). Title. In A. Last name of the President/organizer (Presidency), Title of the congress/symposium (italic). Name of the institution, place.
Example:
Ibáñez, R. (2013, 31 de octubre). Retos en materia de turismo y sustentabilidad en pequeñas localidades costeras de Baja California Sur (BCS). 7mo. Congreso Internacional de la Academia Mexicana de Investigación Turística. Simposio dirigido por la Academia Mexicana de Investigación Turística y la Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México.
Thesis
Last name, A. (Year). Title of the thesis (italic) [(grade) thesis, Name of the institution]. Repository.
Example:
Gaxiola Aldama, R. (2010). Turismo sexual masculino y las prácticas sociales de uso del espacio urbano en la ciudad de Tijuana [tesis de doctorado, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte]. Repositorio institucional.
Personal communications and interviews
Although personal communications (emails, private letters, memos, telephone interviews) must appear referred to in the body of the text as suggested by APA 7 standards, they are not included in the references, as they are not considered searchable sources.
Shipping
The works can be sent according to either of the two options:
- Send the digital file of the work directly to E-mail: amit.dimentur@gmail.com, making sure to eliminate the references of authorship and affiliation.
- Upload the digital file of the work directly at the following link: https://dimensionesturisticas.amiturismo.org/envio-de-archivos
Additional Information
- To ensure anonymity, in addition to the full text of the article or review, it is necessary to send a separate sheet or capture directly in the following link https://dimensionesturisticas.amiturismo.org/envio-de-archivos.
- Collaboration type
- Title of the collaboration.
- Full name of the author.
- E-mail of the author.
- Institution and affiliation unit.
- Postal address
- Country
- Abbreviated curriculum of the author or authors (maximum 600 characters), which includes the last academic degree and the institution where the degree was obtained, current occupation, lines of research and title of the last three published works.
Shipment preparation checklist
As part of the submission process, the authors are required to indicate that it meets the following characteristics on time:
- That the proposal has not been previously published, nor has it been sent simultaneously to another journal.
- That the file sent is in Microsoft Word format.
- That web addresses have been added for references where possible.
- Calibri font at 12 points for text and 10 for titles of tables, graphs and figures and for footnotes the size is 9.
- Text spaced to space and a half.
- That the text complies with the bibliographic and style requirements indicated in this Guide for authors and style manual of the RDT.
Papers that do not comply with these indications can be returned to the author, who may send his / her manuscript again as long as it complies with the points requested.
Copyright notice
The authors grant the journal Dimensiones Turísticas permission for your material to be disseminated in the magazine and magnetic, electronic and photographic media.
The copyright of the articles published in the journal Dimensiones Turísticas are yielded to the Academia Mexicana de Investigación Turística, A.C. (AMIT) after acceptance of the original so that it can be published and distributed electronically; Likewise, the authors retain their moral rights as established by the Copyright law.
The main author will receive a Declaration of originality and transfer of copyright form that must be signed and sent to the journal. Dimensiones Turísticas (amit.dimentur@gmail.comtogether with the final version of the work. It will be your responsibility to obtain the signature and consent of the other authors, if any.
On the other hand, the authors may use the material of their article in other works or books published by themselves, with the condition of citing the journal. Dimensiones Turísticas as the original source of the texts.
It is the responsibility of the authors to obtain the corresponding authorization in writing for all that material that forms part of their article (eg photographs or satellite maps) and that is protected by the Copyright Law.
All the contents of Tourist Dimensions are published under the Creative Commons Attribution / Attribution license - non-commercial - without derivatives 4.0 International, and can be used free of charge for non-commercial purposes, giving credit to the authors and to Dimensiones Turísticas.
Privacy statement
The names and email addresses administered by Dimensiones Turísticas they will be used exclusively for the purposes stated by the magazine and will not be available for any other purpose or other person.
Statement of ethics
Dimensiones Turísticas subscribes to the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) code of conduct, which adopts the following recommendations of the Good Practice Guide reviewed and approved by COPE in 2011:
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- The magazine management and other members of the editorial team are responsible for guaranteeing an anonymous evaluation process between authors and evaluators. Information about the manuscript will be kept strictly confidential and only the authors responsible for the proposal and the editorial team will be informed.
- The journal management will keep the identity of the evaluators anonymous.
- The journal Dimensiones Turísticas undertakes to choose qualified evaluators according to the subject and with proven ability to evaluate ethically and professionally, avoiding conflicts of interest.
- The journal Dimensiones Turísticas will take care of the academic and ethical quality of communication with the evaluators, any lack, discourtesy or misconduct of a judge will be reviewed and the journal undertakes not to resort to evaluators who carry out such practices.
- Proposals will be submitted for an opinion considering their intellectual content, without biases or discrimination of age, gender, political or religious beliefs and respecting freedom of expression.
- Editorial decisions of acceptance or rejection will be based on the importance, originality and clarity of the manuscript, on the validity of the scientific study and on its link with the editorial line of the journal. The director may only revoke proposals or contributions in the event that serious problems are identified with them, such as plagiarism, ethical misconduct, among others, even if they were previously approved for publication.
- If necessary and verified, the journal Dimensiones Turísticas can make public misconduct issues related to the research and proposals including practices of plagiarism and duplication on the part of the authors.
- The direction of the journal and the Editorial Board recommend their reviewers to use software to detect plagiarism (Turnitin, Paper Rater, Viper, among others).
As for the evaluators, they must commit to the following:
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- Review proposals confidentially and do not use review information for purposes other than job evaluation.
- Inform the journal management in the event of any conflict of any kind (of interest or linked to the research methodology, contents or procedures, the evaluators must inform the management).
- Inform the journal management of issues of bad ethics related to research and proposals, including practices of plagiarism and duplication on the part of the authors.
As for the autores/as, they must commit to the following:
- Proposals are the responsibility of whoever supports the authorship; The authors undertake to submit unpublished and original academic works prepared by themselves. Proposals must not be subjected to other editorial procedures or have been subject to plagiarism, falsification or manipulation.
- All material not produced by the person who supports the authorship, must be clearly cited according to the Rules of the journal Dimensiones Turísticas.
- Authors are obliged not to falsify authorship participation, so they must balance their participation so that ghost authors or collaborations do not appear.
Dimensiones Turísticas maintains the endorsement of its content on its Ionos and Hostingator servers, who provide accommodation and support to the magazine's content manager. Thanks to this support, a permanent and secure archive is guaranteed to the journal.
Dimensiones Turísticas also carries out backup and preservation processes for the documents of each article and issue that is published, both on desktops, external memories and in the digital cloud.
The digital preservation policy will be periodically reviewed by the publisher of Dimensiones Turísticas.